The Nazca civilization, which existed in what is now Peru from around 100 BCE to 800 CE, had a complex and elaborate belief system that was closely tied to their religious practices. They believed in a variety of deities and spirits, both male and female, who were thought to control various aspects of nature and human life. The Nazca people also believed in an afterlife, where they would be judged according to their deeds in life.

The Nazca also believed in the importance of water and the power it held, as it was necessary for agriculture and sustenance in their desert environment. This led to the construction of a complex system of underground aqueducts and canals to transport water across the Nazca region. Additionally, the Nazca people were known for their sophisticated astronomical knowledge, as evidenced by their creation of the famous Nazca Lines, large geoglyphs in the desert that were aligned with the movements of the sun, moon, and stars. Overall, the Nazca believed in the interconnectedness of all things in nature and the importance of maintaining a harmonious relationship with the natural world.